PARTS OF A SENTENCE

We express our ideas, feelings, views, etc. in sentences. The sentence, made up of words, is a meaningful expression.

Activity – 1:

There are some words in Tables A and B. You have to join them suitably by drawing a line to make a meaningful expression. Then write the complete sentence. One has been done for you.

Read the following information about Itishree.

1. This is Itishree.

2. She is in class X.

3. She is fourteen.

4. Mr. Karunakar is her father.

5. He is an engineer.

Read the following dialogue and the instructions given below:

Traffic Police -   Stop, don’t move. (You: Subject)

Bike – rider - Sorry ! Help me a bit please. (You:Subject)

Traffic Police - How can I help you ? (I: Subject)

Bike – rider - Please, tell me the way to the Sainik School. (You: Subject)

Traffic Police - Well, I’ll draw a road-map for you. (I: Subject)

Activity – 6:

Write a few sentences on Your Daily Routine. Then circle the subjects and underline the predicates.

§  I am _____________________________ studying in class nine.

§  I get up from bed at 5.30 A.M. everyday.

§  Then brush my teeth and eat breakfast.

§  My father drop me at coaching centre for study.

§  Again my father comes to take me at 8.00 A.M.

§  With or without my interest, I completed my daily homework.

§  I paly cricket with my friends from 4.00 P.M. to 6.00 P.M.

§  Again I come to the coaching centre in evening for study.

§  My study completed at 8.00 P.M.

§  My father comes to take me from coaching centre.

§  I took dinner and watch mobile for 30 minutes.

§  I go to bed at 10.00 P.M.

B. PARTS OF A SENTENCE

SENTENCE: Group of words that make complete sense. Example: I played with Nidhi.

PHRASES: A group of words and some meaning but do not make complete sense.

Example: Played with Nidhi. (Who played with Nidhi)

PARTS OF A SENTENCE:

Subject: The subject is the noun or pronoun that performs the action or is the focus of the sentence. It answers the question "who" or "what" is doing something. For example: "She is running". She is subject.

Predicate: The predicate is the part of the sentence that provides information about the subject, including the verb and any other associated words or phrases. It answers the question "what" the subject is doing or what is being said about the subject. For example: "is running" in "She is running."

Noun: It is name of person, place, animal and thing. Example: Mahanadi, Konark, Inida, etc.

Pronoun: It is used in place of noun. Example: He, She, It, etc.

Verb: The verb is a key element of the predicate and expresses the action or state of being in the sentence. It shows what the subject is doing or experiencing. For example, "running" in "She is running."

Adjective: An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun, providing additional details or qualities about it. For example, "blue" in "The sky is blue."

Adverb: An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, providing information about how, when, where, or to what extent something is done. For example, "quickly" in "She ran quickly."

Preposition: A preposition shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and another word in the sentence. It indicates location, time, direction, or manner. For example: He is studying in the library. Here “in” is preposition.

Conjunction: A conjunction is a word or group of words that connects words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence. Example: and, with, or, etc.

Interjection: It is used for strong feeling and expression. Example: Oh!, Alahs! etc.Top of Form

If the subject is a single-word, it is either a noun or a pronoun. If the predicate consists of a single-word, it must be a Verb.

Activity – 7:

Split the following sentences into two parts and pick out the Verb.

1.      Rama plays (Subject: Rama; Predicate: Plays; Verb: Plays)

2.      She sings (Subject: She; Predicate: sings; Verb: sings)

3.      Rabindra can read (Subject: Rabindra; Predicate: can read; Verb: can read)

4.      Children laugh (Subject: Children; Predicate: laugh; Verb: laugh)

5.      He can write well (Subject: He; Predicate: can write well; Verb: can write)

6.      Time flies (Subject: Time; Predicate: flies; Verb: flies)

7.      You should obey your parents (Subject: You; Predicate: should obey your parents; Verb: should obey)

Activity – 8:

Pick out the Head-word of the subject and the predicate respectively and

encircle them. The first one has been done for you.

1.      This juice (noun) smells (verb) bad.

2.      Iron (noun) is (verb) a heavy metal.

3.      That shirt (noun) looks (verb) nice.

4.      One (noun) of the boys has found (verb) the watch.

5.      We (pronoun) have to start (verb) early.

6.      Gandhiji’s (noun) dedication brought (verb) us freedom.

Activity – 9:

Identify the subject and predicate.

1.  What makes you laugh?

Ans: What (subject); makes you laugh (predicate)

2.      What is the aim of your life?

Ans: What (subject) is the aim of your life (predicate)

3.      Is Mr Mathur coming here?

Ans: Is (predicate) Mr Mathur (subject) coming here (predicate)

4.      Who among the five students sitting there is Rajeev?

Ans: Who (subject) among the five students sitting there is Rajeev (predicate)

5.      How long have you been waiting here?

Ans: How long have (predicate) you (subject) been waiting here (predicate)

6.      Why has the modern man been unhappy?

Ans: Why has (predicate) the modern man (subject) been unhappy (predicate)

7.      What happened to your left leg?

Ans: What (subject) happened to your left leg (predicate)

8.      When are you paying my fees?

Ans: When are (predicate) you (subject) paying my fees (predicate)

9.      Who do you want to speak to?

Ans: Who (subject) do you want to speak to (predicate)

10.   Where did you dine last night?

Ans: Where did (predicate) you (subject) dine last night (predicate)

Activity – 10:

Read the passage thoroughly and pick out the correct alternative from the option list for the corresponding serial number to fill in the blanks :

Lord Budha was named Sidhartha in his childhood. King Suddhodana got a garden planted for him. One day, he was walking in that garden. Then a swan, crying with pain, fell down from the sky. Prince Siddhartha raised it up and put it on his lap. Someone had shot an arrow to kill the swan. Siddhartha pulled the arrow out from its body and stuck it into his left arm with his right hand. ‘Alas!’ Siddhartha felt terrible pain. Tears streamed down his face continuously. Without thinking of the suffering of his own but thinking of the pain in the swan’s body, he burst into tears.